The committee should ensure that, where possible, the different sets of consequences do not double count costs or effects. The methods and resources available for tailoring an exposure scenario in these different areas are described in the other Tool Sets available in EPA ExpoBox: People can be exposed to stressors in the air they breathe, food they eat, water they drink, and products they use or contact. Follow the link at the bottom of the page for part 2. Job evaluation needs to be differentiated from job analysis. It does not measure the value of jobs but establishes their ranks only. Point values are systematically assigned to all factors, eliminating bias at every stage. In this case, the method used to select the distribution should be outlined in the guideline (Jackson et al. How will exposure concentrations be estimated (i.e., measured or modeled)? Participatory Evaluation. They should also specify: An appropriate date range, because older studies may reflect outdated practices. Exclusion of economic evaluations will depend on the applicability of evidence to the NICE decision-making context (usually the reference case), the amount of higher-quality evidence and the degree of certainty about the cost effectiveness of an intervention (when all the evidence is considered as a whole). All economic evaluations relevant to the guideline should be appraised using the methodology checklists (see the appendix on appraisal checklists, evidence tables, GRADE and economic profiles). With participatory approaches, it is these people who set the direction for change, plan their priorities, and decide whether the intervention has made progress and delivered relevant change. It begins with an overall classification of all jobs based on common sense, skill, responsibilities, and experience. It is useful as a first and basic step of job evaluation. As the ICER of an intervention increases in the 20,000 to 30,000 range, an advisory body's judgement about its acceptability as an effective use of NHS resources should make explicit reference to the relevant factors considered above. Variety of Qualitative Inquiry Frameworks: Paradigmatic, Philosophical, and Theoretical Orientations, Chapter 4. The presence of strong reasons indicating that the assessment of the change in the quality of life has been inadequately captured, and may therefore misrepresent, the health gain. Typically, the source is defined as the origin of an agent, or stressor, for the purposes of an exposure assessment. Questions on economic issues mirror the review questions on effectiveness, but with a focus on cost effectiveness. Many terms are used to describe these approaches, including real time evaluations, rapid feedback evaluation, rapid evaluation methods, rapid-cycle evaluation and rapid appraisal. Itis a useful approach to document stories of impact and to develop an understanding of the factors that enhance or impede impact. Economic evaluation compares the costs and consequences of alternative courses of action. Economic analysis must be done when there is no robust evidence of cost effectiveness to support these recommendations. For the reference case, the same annual discount rate should be used for both costs and benefits. Approaches (on this site) refer to an integrated package of options (methods or processes). For example, the European Union developed the ExpoFacts database which contains data from 30 European countries. A strengths-based approach designed to support ongoing learning and adaptation by identifying and investigating outlier examples of good practice and ways of increasing their frequency. Within the context of NICE's principles on social value judgements, the committee should be encouraged to consider recommendations that: increase effectiveness at an acceptable level of increased cost or. The standards of job evaluation are relative, not absolute. Problem formulation is the process by which the assessor, in conjunction with risk managers and often various stakeholders, determines the purpose, scope, level of detail, and approach of an assessment.. This may be simplified to a local government perspective if few costs and effects apply to other government agencies. They may be considered as part of each review question undertaken for a guideline. Any variation from these principles should be described and justified in the guideline. Workers fear that job evaluation will do away with collective bargaining. Typically, the method for requesting information from stakeholders is through a call for evidence (see the appendix on call for evidence and expert witnesses). The justification for choosing a particular data set should be clearly explained. Many types of research show that the factors used are not independently valued. Are we missing anything? Drawing on more than 40 years of experience conducting applied social science research and program evaluation, author Michael Quinn Patton has crafted the most comprehensive and systematic book on qualitative research and evaluation methods, inquiry frameworks, and analysis options available today. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 21: 2405, Golder S, Glanville J, Ginnelly L (2005) Populating decision-analytic models: the feasibility and efficiency of database searching for individual parameters. The listing of factors may omit some elements that are important in certain jobs. Seven distinct, criteria-based frameworks. However, in cases where only costs from other countries are available these should be converted to Pounds Sterling using an exchange rate from an appropriate and current source (such as HM Revenue and Customs or Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). 31 October 2014 Michael Quinn Patton is author of more than a dozen books on evaluation including Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods, 4th ed (2015), Blue Marble Evaluation (2020), Principles-Focused Evaluation (2018), Facilitating Evaluation (2018) and Developmental Evaluation (2011). The most important method of evaluating the jobs must be identified now, keeping the job factors and organizational demands in mind. Implementation costs should be included in a sensitivity analysis, where relevant, while costs to other government budgets can be presented in a separate analysis to the base case. According to U.S. EPAs (2004) Example Exposure Scenarios, "variability can be addressed by estimating exposure for the various descriptors of exposure (i.e., central tendency, high-end, or bounding) to estimate points on the distribution of exposure.". Secure .gov websites use HTTPS This feature also provides questions to focus and guide your interpretation. Some inputs, such as costs, may have standard sources that are appropriate, such as national list prices or a national audit, but for others appropriate data will need to be sourced. Preparing a manual for various jobs, fixing values for key and sub-factors, establishing wage rates for different grades, etc., is time-consuming. 2017). When a group of managers is used for this purpose, the group is called a job evaluation committeethe committee reviews job analysis information to learn about the duties, responsibilities, and working conditions. Emission rates can also be estimated using emission factors. The figure below shows some transport processes that might occur following release of a contaminant. PM&E, by contrast, seeks to shift the focus from upward to downward accountability. The following descriptors all account for individuals at the high end of the exposure distribution (at or above the 90th percentile): These terms all refer to exposures that are within the population distribution and not outside the distribution. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 21: 30511, Hernandez Alava M, Wailoo A, Pudney S (2017) Methods for mapping between the EQ-5D-5L and the 3L. The committee agrees upon the base rate (usually expressed hourly) for each key job and then allocates this base rate among the five criteria. A scoping search may be performed to look for economic evaluations relevant to current practice in the UK and therefore likely to be relevant to decision-making by the committee (see the chapter on decision-making committees). (2004) provide a useful guide to searching for data for use in economic models. 12. Transport can occur within a medium. In exposure assessments, fate and transport of stressors is typically evaluated via some level of modeling. A range of approaches that engage stakeholders (especially intended beneficiaries) in conducting the evaluation and/or making decisions about the evaluation. The aim of evaluation is to be influential, so it should be of use to policymakers, programme developers, project planners and managers. Costutility analysis is required routinely by NICE for the economic evaluation of health-related interventions, programmes and services, for several reasons: When used in conjunction with an NHS and PSS perspective, it provides a single yardstick or 'currency' for measuring the impact of interventions. In press, Brennan A, Chick SE, Davies R (2006) A taxonomy of model structures for economic evaluation of health technologies. 2006) should be considered for guidance on which types of models may be appropriate to the decision problem. An Instructor Resource and Student Study Site, filled with helpful supplemental resources, including access to carefully selected. This is often called the "typical case," but terminology can vary. Deterministic sensitivity analysis should be used to explore key assumptions used in the modelling. For capability effects, use of the ICECAPO (Investigating Choice Experiments for the Preferences of Older People CAPability measure for Older people) or ICECAPA (Investigating Choice Experiments for the Preferences of Older People CAPability measure for Adults) instruments may be considered by NICE when developing methodology in the future. London: HM Treasury, Wood H, Arber M, Isojarvi J et al. The term "numerical integration" first appears in 1915 in the publication A Course in Interpolation and Numeric Integration for the Mathematical Laboratory by David Gibb.. Quadrature is a historical mathematical term that means calculating area. When examining interventions that are not paid for by an arm of government (such as workplace interventions), the perspective on costs should be discussed and agreed with NICE staff with responsibility for quality assurance. Some information about public services may be better obtained from national statistics or databases, rather than from published studies. Regulatory agencies also derive exposure levels for various stressors based on human health or ecological effects, and these values can be found in a variety of databases. NICE Decision Support Unit report [online; accessed 7 September 2018], HM Treasury (2015) The Aqua Book: guidance on producing quality analysis for government. 2017), for consistency with the current guide to the methods of technology appraisal. 0000002707 00000 n The reliability and validity of the system are greater than the same statistical measures obtained from group standardized job analysis plans. NHS economic evaluation database handbook, Chiou CF, Hay JW, Wallace JF etal. Cost-effectiveness analysis uses a measure of outcome (a life year saved, a death averted, a patient-year free of symptoms) and assesses the cost per unit of achieving this outcome by different means. Considerations involved with developing exposure scenarios for specific chemical classes are described in the Chemical Classes Tool Set of EPA ExpoBox. Once the maximum total points for each job element are assigned under level IV, analysts allocate points across each row to reflect the importance of the different levels. If necessary, the health technology assessment checklist for decision-analytic models (Philips et al. Costconsequences analysis can consider all the relevant health and non-health effects of an intervention across different sectors and reports them without aggregation. Economic evaluation should reflect the intentions of the system. This chapter describes the role of economics in developing NICE guidelines, and suggests possible approaches to use when considering economic evidence. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (2012) Social care guidance development methodology workshop December 2011: report on group discussions, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2017) Assessing resource impact process manual: guidelines, NICE Decision Support Unit (2011) Technical support document series [accessed 3 September 2018], Paisley S (2016) Identification of evidence for key parameters in decision-analytic models of cost-effectiveness: a description of sources and a recommended minimum search requirement. Power relations matter within all communities, and some groups or individuals always have a louder voice than others. In the absence of a published list price and a price agreed by a national institution (as may be the case for some devices), an alternative price may be considered, provided that it is nationally and publicly available. It goes against the common belief that the procedure of evaluating jobs and fixing their wages should be kept separate. Value in Health 19: A3901, Arber M, Garcia S, Veale T et al. This method is quantitative as each compensable factor is assigned a numerical value. This blog is the first of a 2-part series on the issues raised about COP26 in papers published in the journal Evaluation. www.sagepub.com, "Very thoughtful and thorough coverage of qualitative design and study. It forces the raters to consider individual factors rather than the jobs. It is often used in evaluating managing administrative and white-collared jobs. 0000004838 00000 n These tables were selected because they contain distributional information that may be suitable for probabilistic analyses. The sub-factors of each key job must be given relative ranks based on their contribution to the total job. This ranking procedure is based on job descriptions and job specifications. It does not take a great deal of time and does not require technical help. 2013) to ensure that reporting of methods and results is transparent. (2015) Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes, 4th edition. In places where national governments are required by international financial institutions to create national policies for poverty reduction, country-wide research exercises, Participatory Poverty Assessments, have been used to transmit the voices and opinions of poorer people into national planning and policy processes. 0000003149 00000 n It takes into account all the factors that a job comprises. These resources generally include available data on the physicochemical properties that affect the transport, transformation, and fate of stressors in environmental media. Developments in methodology for considering the economic aspects of delivering services will also be taken into account. (2008a) U.S. EPA analysis of survey data. It may also be appropriate to focus on costutility analysis studies (see the InterTASC Information Specialists' subgroup Search Filters Resource), or to apply geographical search filters, for example to limit studies to OECD countries (as suggested in Ayiku et al., in press). Resource impact is considered in terms of the additional cost or saving above that of current practice for each of the first 5years of implementing the guideline. NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (2001) Improving access to cost-effectiveness information for health care decision making: the NHS Economic Evaluation Database. Rwyf hefyd wedi gofyn ir llyfrgellydd gwyddorau cymdeithasol archebu un neu ddau o gopau ir llyfrgell. At the initial scoping stage, it may be efficient to limit any searches of databases that are sources for NHS economic evaluation database (EED) to studies indexed after December 2014 when the searches to identify studies for NHS EED ceased. Monitoring data are not always available. Variations in observational methods are covered. In job evaluation, every job in an organization is examined and ultimately priced according to a few features: the relative importance of the job, knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform the job, and difficulty of the job. Approach primarily intended to clarify differences in values among stakeholders by collecting and collectively analysing personal accounts of change. For example, cost-minimisation analysis could be used to decide whether a doctor or nurse should give routine injections when it is found that both are equally effective at giving injections (on average). It has the advantage that it can not only evaluate the intended outcomes of an intervention, but also the effects of the process of implementation; such as how people gained self-confidence or changed their behaviours. It is important to recognise that care provision, specifically social care, may be means tested, and that this affects the economic perspective in terms of who bears costs the public sector or the person using services or their family. .The weights selected are not arbitrary but reflect existing wage and salary practices. For example, 'Randomized Controlled Trials' (RCTs) use a combination of the options random sampling, control group and standardised indicators and measures. Resources for identifying useful utility data for economic modelling are the dedicated registries of health-state utility values such as ScHARRHUD and Tufts CEA Registry and the NICE Decision Support Unit's technical support documents. This includes a reference case, which specifies the methods considered by NICE to be the most appropriate for analysis when developing technology appraisal guidance. 0000004578 00000 n A job evaluation scheme takes a long time to install. Studies identified in the review of evidence on effects should be scrutinised for other relevant data, and attention should be paid to the sources of parameters in analyses included in the systematic review of published economic evaluations. Monitoring systems are conventionally used to show donors and aid agencies how much progress is being made towards meeting the objectives of their programmes, and to highlight any ongoing problems. It is relatively simple to use. For service delivery questions, cost-effectiveness analyses may need to account for local factors, such as the expected number of procedures and the availability of staff and equipment at different times of the day, week and year. 0000008031 00000 n The country or setting, because studies conducted in other countries might not be relevant to the UK. ensuring that predictions of intermediate endpoints (for example, event rate counts) and final endpoints (for example, undiscounted life expectancy) are plausible, including comparison with source materials. Conventional M&E activities need to demonstrate whether funds were used adequately and efficiently: whether the donor got value for money. Real-world data should not be considered a substitute for published evidence from randomised controlled trials, when assessing differences in outcomes between interventions. Guideline developers should: Use the 3L valuation set for reference-case analyses, where available. Monitoring data can be used with environmental fate and transport models to characterize media-specific exposure concentrations. Guideline recommendations should be based on the balance between the estimated costs of the interventions or services and their expected benefits compared with an alternative (that is, their 'cost effectiveness'). However, when QALYs are not used, issues such as tradeoffs between different beneficial and harmful effects need to be considered. Great book - not currently teaching a course in evaluation - will definitely consider this text when I do next teach such a course. It sometimes seems arbitrary, though it takes the views of representatives of trade unions. Additional information may be needed on: the relationship between short- and long-term outcomes. For time horizons that extend beyond 10years, it may be useful to report discounted costs and effects for the short (13years) and medium (510years) term. When EQ5D data are not available from the relevant clinical studies included in the clinical evidence review, EQ5D data can be sourced from the literature. are less effective than current practice, but free up sufficient resources that can be reinvested in public sector care or services to increase the welfare of the population receiving care. Because jobs are only ranked in terms of the order, we do not know the distance between the ranks. It is used to characterize the exposure setting and stressors of concern in sufficient detail to allow quantitative analysis and modeling. These factors include, rates of ingestion (e.g., foods, soil, water) or inhalation, factors affecting dermal exposure (e.g., skin surface area, soil-to-skin adherence), activity factors (e.g., time spent indoors, time spent showering, etc. to qualitative inquiry are identified, compared, contrasted, and discussed. Informal searches should aim to satisfy the principle of 'saturation' (that is, to 'identify the breadth of information needs relevant to a model and sufficient information such that further efforts to identify more information would add nothing to the analysis' (Kaltenthaler et al. Exposure scenarios can be developed to derive a central tendency estimate that represents the exposure of the average or typical individual in a population, usually the mean or median of the population distribution. When considering costbenefit analysis, the committee should be aware that an aggregate of individual 'willingness to pay' (WTP) is likely to be more than public-sector WTP, sometimes by quite a margin. Modelling using scenario analysis is usually needed to generate the health effects used within the health economic analyses. Recommend content, collaborate, share, ask, tell us what you like, suggest an improvement, or just say hi! In other words, environmental media can serve as both sources and receiving media. 0000006634 00000 n Detailed guidance, regulations and rules Fate and transport covers movement of substances in the environment and chemical/biological reactions that affect the nature of the substance. Exposure scenarios rely on data or assumptions about the sources and releases of a stressor of interest, fate and transport mechanisms, and concentrations of contaminants at the point of exposure. Other resources provide tools for evaluation of fate and transport based on media type. Differences in age, gender, dietary preferences, occupation, cultural practices, geographical locations and settings may affect exposures.Certain behaviors, activities, or sociodemographic factors may also be associated with differences in contact with environmental agents. Any processes used for accessing data will need to be reported in the health economic plan and in the guideline. It should be explicitly stated if economic information is not available or if it is not thought to be relevant to the review question. Any uncertainties must be offset by a compelling argument in favour of the recommendation. These might be monetary, but might also be resources such as staff, beds, equipment and so on. That is, a societal perspective will not normally be used. EFH Data Tool:ExpoFIRST is a standalone tool that draws from data in the EPAs Exposure Factors Handbook 2011 Edition and recent updates for quick, easy, and flexible development of human exposure scenarios. Exposure factors are factors related to human behavior and characteristics that help determine an individual's exposure to an agent. The circumstances in which a value of information analysis should be considered will depend on whether more information is likely to be available soon and whether this information is likely to influence the decision to recommend the intervention. The combination of these assumptions results in a highly conservative exposure estimate. Simple methods may be used if these can provide the committee with enough information on which to base a decision. Selection of questions for further economic analysis, including modelling, should be based on systematic consideration of the potential value of economic analysis across all key issues. For example, the welder job ranks first for the mental requirements factor, while the security guard ranks last. For the base-case analysis, a costutility analysis should be done using a cost per QALY approach where possible. Tweets by @BetterEval !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)? The factors taken by the program are not exhaustive. Formally assessing the cost effectiveness of an intervention, service or programme can help decision-makers ensure that maximum gain is achieved from limited resources. According to EPAs Guidelines for Exposure Assessment (U.S. EPA, 1992), "In beginning the evaluation British Medical Journal [accessed 3 September 2018], Van Hout B, Janssen M, Feng Y et al. If using this approach, it may be necessary to adapt strategies in some databases to ensure adequate sensitivity (Wood et al. Planning and Scoping (1997b) notes that developing a conceptual model is a key part of the planning and scoping stage for an exposure assessment. Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 136K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 139K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 44K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 27K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 19K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 315K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 47K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 16K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 228K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 49K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 15K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 41K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 32K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 530K), Download all tables in this chapter (.xlsx, 35K), Indirect Estimation of Potential Dose: Example, Explore tthe Exposure Factors Handbook and Related Documents, Planning, Scoping, and Problem Formulation, Search the Exposure Factors Handbook Tables, Click to download and learn more about ExpoFIRST, summary of the recommended values from the Exposure Factors Handbook: 2011 Edition and recent updates is provided in spreadsheet format (XLS), EPA ExpoBox's Exposure Factor Tables Search, Guidance on Cumulative Risk Assessment, Part 1 Planning and Scoping, Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund (RAGS): Volume I - Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplement to Part A: Community Involvement in Superfund Risk Assessments, Sociodemographic Data Used for Identifying Potentially Highly Exposed Populations, Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Volume III - Part A, Process for Conducting Probabilistic Risk Assessment, Guidance on Cumulative Risk Assessment of Pesticide Chemicals that have a Common Mechanism of Toxicity, Example Exposure Scenarios Assessment Tool, Highlights of the Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook, Highlights of the Exposure Factors Handbook, Table 64 Distribution Percentiles of Physiological Daily Inhalation Rates (PDIRs) (m3/day) for Free Living Normal Weight Males and Females Aged 2.6 Months to 96 Years (.xls, 29K), Table 66 Distribution Percentiles of Physiological Daily Inhalation Rates (PDIRs) (m3/day) for Free Living Normal Weight and Overweight/Obese Males and Females Aged 4 to 96 Years (.xls, 30K), Table 67 Distribution Percentiles of Physiological Daily Inhalation Rates (PDIRs) per Unit of Body Weight (m3/kg day) for Free Living Normal Weight Males and Females Aged 2.6 Months to 96 Years (.xls, 27K), Table 68 Distribution Percentiles of Physiological Daily Inhalation Rates (PDIRs) (m3/kg day) for Free Living Normal Weight and Overweight/Obese Males and Females Aged 4 to 96 Years (.xls, 28K), Table 610 Non-Normalized Daily Inhalation Rates (m3/day) Derived Using Laytons (1993) Method and CSFII Energy Intake Data (.xls, 28K), Table 614 Descriptive Statistics for Daily Average Inhalation Rate in Males, by Age Category (.xls, 27K), Table 615 Descriptive Statistics for Daily Average Inhalation Rate in Females, by Age Category (.xls, 28K), Table 617 Descriptive Statistics for Average Ventilation Rate, Unadjusted for Body Weight, While Performing Activities Within the Specified Activity Category, for Males by Age Category (.xls, 47K), Table 618 Descriptive Statistics for Average Ventilation Rate, Adjusted for Body Weight, While Performing Activities Within the Specified Activity Category, for Males by Age Category (.xls, 46K), Table 619 Descriptive Statistics for Average Ventilation Rate, Unadjusted for Body Weight, While Performing Activities Within the Specified Activity Category, for Females by Age Category (.xls, 46K), Table 620 Descriptive Statistics for Average Ventilation Rate, Adjusted for Body Weight, While Performing Activities Within the Specified Activity Category, for Females by Age Category (.xls, 45K), Table 621 Descriptive Statistics for Duration of Time (hours/day) Spent Performing Activities Within the Specified Activity Category, by Age for Males (.xls, 32K), Table 622 Descriptive Statistics for Duration of Time (hours/day) Spent Performing Activities Within the Specified Activity Category, by Age for Females (.xls, 32K), Table 637 Distribution of Predicted Inhalation Rates by Location and Activity Levels for Elementary and High School Students (.xls, 27K), Table 639 Distribution Patterns of Daily Inhalation Rates (DIRs) for Elementary (EL) and High School (HS) Students Grouped by Activity Level (.xls, 25K), Table 650 Distributions of Individual and Group Inhalation/Ventilation Rate (VR) for Outdoor Workers (.xls, 24K), Table 653 Distribution of Physiological Daily Inhalation Rate (PDIR) (m3/day) Percentiles for Free Living Underweighta Adolescents and Women Aged 11 to 55 Years During Pregnancy and Postpartum Weeks (.xls, 28K), Table 654 Distribution of Physiological Daily Inhalation Rate (PDIR) (m3/day) Percentiles for Free Living Normal Weighta Adolescents and Women Aged 11 to 55 Years During Pregnancy and Postpartum Weeks (.xls, 28K), Table 655 Distribution of Physiological Daily Inhalation Rate (PDIR) (m3/day) Percentiles for Free Living Overweight/Obesea Adolescents and Women Aged 11 to 55 Years During Pregnancy and Postpartum Weeks (.xls, 28K), Table 656 Distribution of Physiological Daily Inhalation Rate (PDIR) (m3/kg day) Percentiles for Free Living Underweight Adolescents and Women Aged 11 to 55 Years During Pregnancy and Postpartum Weeks (.xls, 30K), Table 657 Distribution of Physiological Daily Inhalation Rate (PDIR) (m3/kg day) Percentiles for Free Living Normal Weight and Women Aged 11 to 55 Years During Pregnancy and Postpartum Weeks (.xls, 30K), Table 658 Distribution of Physiological Daily Inhalation Rate (PDIR) (m3/kg day) Percentiles for Free Living Overweight/Obesea Adolescents and Women Aged 11 to 55 Years During Pregnancy and Postpartum Weeks (.xls, 30K), National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES), Table 37 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: Community Water (mL/day) (.xls, 26K), Table 38 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: Bottled Water (mL/day) (.xls, 26K), Table 39 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: Other Sources (mL/day) (.xls, 26K), Table 310 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: All Sources (mL/day) (.xls, 26K), Table 311 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: Community Water (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 26K), Table 312 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: Bottled Water (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 313 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: Other Sources (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 26K), Table 314 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: All Sources (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 26K), Table 315 Consumer-Only Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: Community Water (mL/day) (.xls, 25K), Table 316 Consumer-Only Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: Bottled Water (mL/day) (.xls, 26K), Table 317 Consumer-Only Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: Other Sources (mL/day) (.xls, 26K), Table 318 Consumer-Only Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: All Sources (mL/day) (.xls, 25K), Table 319 Consumer-Only Estimates of Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: Community Water (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 320 Consumer-Only Estimates of Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: Bottled Water (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 26K), Table 321 Consumer-Only Estimates of Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: Other Sources (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 26K), Table 322 Consumer-Only Estimates of Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on 19941996, 1998 CSFII: All Sources (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 323 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: Community Water (mL/day) (.xls, 25K), Table 324 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: Bottled Water (mL/day) (.xls, 25K), Table 325 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: Other Sources (mL/day) (.xls, 25K), Table 326 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: All Sources (mL/day) (.xls, 25K), Table 328 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: Community Water (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 329 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: Bottled Water (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 330 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: Other Sources (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 331 Per Capita Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: All Sources (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 27K), Table 333 Consumer-Only Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: Community Water (mL/day) (.xls, 24K), Table 334 Consumer-Only Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: Bottled Water (mL/day) (.xls, 24K), Table 335 Consumer-Only Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: Other Sources (mL/day) (.xls, 25K), Table 336 Consumer-Only Estimates of Combined Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: All Sources (mL/day) (.xls, 25K), Table 338 Consumer-Only Estimates of Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: Community Water (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 339 Consumer-Only Estimates of Direct Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: Bottled Water (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 340 Consumer-Only Estimates of Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: Other Sources (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 341 Consumer-Only Estimates of Direct and Indirect Water Ingestion Based on NHANES 20032006: All Sources (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 375 Per Capita Estimates of Direct and Indirect Water Intake From All Sources by Pregnant, Lactating, and Childbearing Age Women (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 376 Per Capita Estimates of Direct and Indirect Water Intake From All Sources by Pregnant, Lactating, and Childbearing Age Women (mL/day) (.xls, 25K), Table 377 Per Capita Estimated Direct and Indirect Community Water Ingestion by Pregnant, Lactating, and Childbearing Age Women (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 24K), Table 378 Per Capita Estimated Direct and Indirect Community Water Ingestion by Pregnant, Lactating, and Childbearing Age Women (mL/day) (.xls, 25K), Table 379 Estimates of Consumers-Only Direct and Indirect Water Intake From All Sources by Pregnant, Lactating, and Childbearing Age Women (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 24K), Table 380 Estimates of Consumers-Only Direct and Indirect Water Intake From All Sources by Pregnant, Lactating, and Childbearing Age Women (mL/day) (.xls, 25K), Table 381 Consumers-Only Estimated Direct and Indirect Community Water Ingestion by Pregnant, Lactating, and Childbearing Age Women (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 382 Consumers-Only Estimated Direct and Indirect Community Water Ingestion by Pregnant, Lactating, and Childbearing Age Women (mL/day) (.xls, 24K), Food and nutrient intakes by individuals in the United States, Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII), Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (JIFSAN), EPA's local drinking water quality reports, Table 43 New Jersey Children's Mouthing Frequency (contacts/hour) from Video-Transcription (.xls, 21K), Table 48 Outdoor Mouthing Frequency (contacts per contacts/hour), Video-Transcription of 38 Children, by Age (.xls, 24K), Table 410 Indoor Hand-to-Mouth Frequency (contacts/hour) Weibull Distributions from Various Studies, by Age (.xls, 24K), Table 411 Outdoor Hand-to-Mouth Frequency (contacts/hour) Weibull Distributions From Various Studies, by Age (.xls, 23K), Table 412 Object/Surface-to-Mouth Contact Frequency for Infants and Toddlers (events/hour) (N = 23) (.xls, 27K), Table 413 Distributions Mouthing Frequency and Duration for Non-Dietary Objects With Significant Differences (p < 0.05) Between Infants and Toddlers (.xls, 27K), Table 414 Indoor Object-to-Mouth Frequency (contacts/hour) Weibull Distributions From Various Studies, by Age (.xls, 24K), Table 415 Outdoor Object-to-Mouth Frequency (contacts/hour) Weibull Distributions from Various Studies, by Age (.xls, 24K), Table 420 Estimates of Mouthing Time for Various Objects for Infants and Toddlers (minutes/hour), by Age (.xls, 27K), Table 421 Object/Surface-to-Hands and Mouth Contact Duration for Infants and Toddlers (minutes/hour) (N = 23) (.xls, 25K), Table 424 Outdoor Median Mouthing Duration (seconds/contact), Video-Transcription of 38 Children, by Age (.xls, 24K), Table 426 Outdoor Mouthing Duration (minutes/hour), Video-Transcription of 38 Children, by Age (.xls, 24K), Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for Residential Exposure Assessments, Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS), Table 53 Soil, Dust, and Soil + Dust Ingestion Estimates for Amherst, Massachusetts Study Children (.xls, 25K), Table 58 Soil Ingestion Estimates for 64 Anaconda Children (.xls, 24K), Table 511 Mean and Median Soil Ingestion (mg/day) by Family Member (.xls, 24K), Table 514 Predicted Soil and Dust Ingestion Rates for Children Age 3 to <6 Years (mg/day) (.xls, 22K), Table 520 Estimated Distribution of Individual Mean Daily Soil Ingestion Based on Data for 64 Subjects Projected over 365 Days (.xls, 21K), Stochastic human exposure and dose simulation (SHEDS) model, Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic (IEUBK)Model, Table 93 Per Capita Intake of Fruits and Vegetables Based on the 20032006 NHANES (g/kg-day, edible portion, uncooked weight) (.xls, 28K), Table 94 Consumer-Only Intake of Fruits and Vegetables Based on the 20032006 NHANES (g/kg-day, edible portion, uncooked weight) (.xls, 28K), Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model and Food Commodity Intake Database (DEEM-FCID, Table 107 Per Capita Intake of Finfish (g/kg-day), Edible Portion, Uncooked Fish Weight (.xls, 27K), Table 108 Consumer-Only Intake of Finfish (g/kg-day), Edible Portion, Uncooked Fish Weight (.xls, 27K), Table 109 Per Capita Intake of Shellfish (g/kg-day), Edible Portion, Uncooked Fish Weight (.xls, 27K), Table 1010 Consumer-Only Intake of Shellfish (g/kg-day), Edible Portion, Uncooked Fish Weight (.xls, 27K), Table 1011 Per Capita Intake of Total Finfish and Shellfish Combined (g/kg-day), Edible Portion, Uncooked Fish Weight (.xls, 27K), Table 1012 Consumer-Only Intake of Total Finfish and Shellfish Combined (g/kg-day), Edible Portion, Uncooked Fish Weight (.xls, 27K), Table 1029 Per Capita Distributions of Fish (finfish and shellfish) Intake (g/day), as Prepared (.xls, 36K), Table 1030 Per Capita Distribution of Fish (finfish and shellfish) Intake (mg/kg-day), as Prepared (.xls, 34K), Table 1031 Per Capita Distribution of Fish (finfish and shellfish) Intake (g/day), Uncooked Fish Weight (.xls, 36K), Table 1032 Per Capita Distribution of Fish (finfish and shellfish) Intake (mg/kg-day), Uncooked Fish Weight (.xls, 35K), Table 1033 Consumer-Only Distribution of Fish (finfish and shellfish) Intake (g/day), as Prepared (.xls, 35K), Table 1034 Consumer-Only Distributions of Fish (finfish and shellfish) Intake (mg/kg-day), as Prepared (.xls, 33K), Table 1035 Consumer-Only Distributions of Fish (finfish and shellfish) Intake (g/day), Uncooked Fish Weight (.xls, 34K), Table 1036 Consumer-Only Distributions of Fish (finfish and shellfish) Intake (mg/kg-day), Uncooked Fish Weight (.xls, 5K), Table 1037 Fish Consumption per kg Body Weight, All Respondents, by Selected Demographic Characteristics (g/kg-day, as-consumed) (.xls, 37K), Table 1038 Fish Consumption per kg Body Weight, Consumers Only, by Selected Demographic Characteristics (g/kg-day, as-consumed) (.xls, 38K), Table 1039 Fish Consumption per kg Body Weight, All Respondents by State, Acquisition Method, (g/kg-day, as-consumed) (.xls, 32K), Table 1040 Fish Consumption per kg Body Weight, Consumers Only, by State, Acquisition Method (g/kg-day, as-consumed) (.xls, 36K), Table 1041 Fish Consumption per kg Body Weight, All Respondents, by Selected Demographic Characteristics, Uncooked (g/kg-day) (.xls, 37K), Table 1042 Fish Consumption per kg Body Weight, Consumers Only, by Selected Demographic Characteristics, Uncooked (g/kg-day) (.xls, 37K), Table 1043 Fish Consumption per kg Body Weight, All Respondents, by State, Acquisition Method, Uncooked (g/kg-day) (.xls, 32K), Table 1044 Fish Consumption per kg Body Weight, Consumers Only, by State, Acquisition Method, Uncooked (g/kg-day) (.xls, 42K), Table 1045 Fish Consumption per kg Body Weight, All Respondents, by State, Subpopulation, and Sex (g/kg-day, as-consumed) (.xls, 34K), Table 1046 Fish Consumption per kg, Consumers Only, by State, Subpopulation, and Sex (g/kg-day, as-consumed) (.xls, 35K), Table 1047 Fish Consumption Among General Population in Four States, Consumers Only (g/kg-day, as-consumed) (.xls, 32K), Table 1064 Fish Intake Rates of Members of the Laotian Community of West Contra Costa County, California (.xls, 24K), Table 1065 Consumption Rates (g/day) Among Recent Consumers by Demographic Factor (.xls, 26K), Table 1067 Consumption Rates (g/day) for Marine Recreational Anglers in King County, Wa (.xls, 24K), Table 1068 Percentile and Mean Intake Rates for Wisconsin Sport Anglers (all respondents) (.xls, 22K), Table 1071 Distribution of Usual Fish Intake Among Survey Main Respondents Who Fished and Consumed Recreationally Caught Fish (.xls, 24K), Table 1072 Estimates of Fish Intake Rates of Licensed Sport Anglers in Maine During the 19891990 Ice Fishing or 1990 Open-Water Seasons (.xls, 25K), Table 1082 Fish Consumption Rates for Indiana AnglersMail Survey (g/day) (.xls, 23K), Table 1083 Fish Consumption Rates for Indiana AnglersOn-Site Survey (g/day) (.xls, 24K), Table 1084 Consumption of Sport-Caught and Purchased Fish by Minnesota and North Dakota Residents (g/day) (.xls, 30K), Table 1086 Daily Consumption of Wild-Caught Fish, Consumers Only (g/kg-day, as-consumed) (.xls, 24K), Table 1087 Consumption Rates (g/day) for Freshwater Recreational Anglers in King County, WA (.xls, 23K), Table 1090 Fish Consumption Rates Among Native American Children (age 5 years and under) (.xls, 22K), Table 1097 Percentiles and Mean of Adult Tribal Member Consumption Rates (g/kg-day) (.xls, 28K), Table 10100 Percentiles of Adult Consumption Rates by Age (g/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 10103 Adult Consumption Rate (g/kg-day): Individual Finfish and Shellfish and Fish Groups (.xls, 29K), Table 10105 Adult Consumption Rate (g/kg-day) by Sex (.xls, 30K), Table 10106 Adult Consumption Rate (g/kg-day) by Age (.xls, 33K), Table 10107 Consumption Rates for Native American Children (g/kg-day), All Children (including non-consumers): Individual Finfish and Shellfish and Fish Groups (.xls, 30K), Table 10109 Percentiles and Mean of Consumption Rates for Adult Consumers Only (g/kg-day) (.xls, 27K), Table 10110 Percentiles and Mean of Consumption Rates by Sex for Adult Consumers Only (g/kg-day) (.xls, 31K), Table 10111 Percentiles and Mean of Consumption Rates by Age for Adult Consumers OnlySquaxin Island Tribe (g/kg-day) (.xls, 30K), Table 10112 Percentiles and Mean of Consumption Rates by Age for Adult Consumers OnlyTulalip Tribe (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 10113 Percentiles and Mean of Consumption Rates for Child Consumers Only (g/kg-day) (.xls, 25K), Table 10114 Percentiles and Mean of Consumption Rates by Sex for Child Consumers Only (g/kg-day) (.xls, 28K), Table 10121 Distribution of Quantity of Fish Consumed (in grams) per Eating Occasion, by Age and Sex (.xls, 24K), Table 10122 Distribution of Quantity of Canned Tuna Consumed (grams) per Eating Occasion, by Age and Sex (.xls, 26K), Table 10123 Distribution of Quantity of Other Finfish Consumed (grams) per Eating Occasion, by Age and Sex (.xls, 25K), Table 113 Per Capita Intake of Total Meat and Total Dairy Products Based on 20032006 NHANES (g/kg day, edible portion, uncooked weight) (.xls, 28K), Table 114 Consumer-Only Intake of Total Meat and Total Dairy Products Based on 20032006 NHANES (g/kg day, edible portion, uncooked weight) (.xls, 28K), Table 1130 Per Capita Total Fat Intake (g/day) (.xls, 30K), Table 1131 Per Capita Total Fat Intake (g/kg day) (.xls, 31K), Table 1132 Consumer-Only Total Fat Intake (g/day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1133 Consumer-Only Total Fat Intake (g/kg day) (.xls, 31K), Table 123 Per Capita Intake of Total Grains Based 20032006 NHANES (g/kg-day, edible portion, uncooked weight) (.xls, 25K), Table 124 Consumer-Only Intake of Total Grains Based 20032006 NHANES (g/kg-day, edible portion, uncooked weight) (.xls, 25K), Table 135 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Fruits (g/kg-day)All Regions Combined (.xls, 27K), Table 1310 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Vegetables (g/kg-day)All Regions Combined (.xls, 26K), Table 1315 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Meats (g/kg-day)All Regions Combined (.xls, 28K), Table 1320 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Caught Fish (g/kg-day)All Regions Combined (.xls, 28K), Table 1325 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Dairy (g/kg-day)All Regions (.xls, 27K), Table 1330 Seasonally Adjusted Consumer-Only Home-Produced Intake (g/kg-day) (.xls, 24K), Table 1331 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Apples (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1332 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Asparagus (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1333 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Beef (g/kg-day) (.xls, 30K), Table 1334 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Beets (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1335 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Broccoli (g/kg-day) (.xls, 28K), Table 1336 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Cabbage (g/kg-day) (.xls, 28K), Table 1337 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Carrots (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1338 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Corn (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1339 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Cucumbers (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1340 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Eggs (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1341 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Game (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1342 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Lettuce (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1343 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Lima Beans (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1344 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Okra (g/kg-day) (.xls, 28K), Table 1345 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Onions (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1346 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Other Berries (g/kg-day) (.xls, 28K), Table 1347 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Peaches (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1348 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Pears (g/kg-day) (.xls, 28K), Table 1349 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Peas (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1350 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Peppers (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1351 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Pork (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1352 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Poultry (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1353 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Pumpkins (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1354 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Snap Beans (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1355 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Strawberries (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1356 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Tomatoes (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1357 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced White Potatoes (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1358 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Exposed Fruit (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1359 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Protected Fruits (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1360 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Exposed Vegetables (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1361 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Protected Vegetables (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1362 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Root Vegetables (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1363 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Dark Green Vegetables (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1364 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Deep Yellow Vegetables (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1365 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Other Vegetables (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1366 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Citrus (g/kg-day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1367 Consumer-Only Intake of Home-Produced Other Fruit (g/kg-day) (.xls, 30K), Food Surveys Research Group (Beltsville, MD), Table 143 Per Capita Total Food Intake, Edible Portion, Uncooked (.xls, 28K), Table 144 Per Capita Intake of Total Food and Intake of Major Food Groups (g/day, edible portion, uncooked) (.xls, 45K), Table 145 Per Capita Intake of Total Food and Intake of Major Food Groups (g/kg-day, edible portion, uncooked) (.xls, 39K), Table 1412 Intake of Total Food (g/kg-day), Edible Portion, Uncooked Weight (.xls, 26K), Table 1517 Average Daily Human Milk Intake (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 24K), Table 1522 Comparison Daily Lipid Intake Based on Lipid Content Assumptions (mL/kg-day) (.xls, 22K), Table 1523 Distribution of Average Daily Lipid Intake (mL/kg-day) Assuming 4% Milk Lipid Content (.xls, 22K), Breastfeeding trends and updated national health objectives for exclusive breastfeeding, The National Academy of Science 1991 report, Table 78 Mean Proportion (%) of Children's Total Skin Surface Area, by Body Part (.xls, 24K), Table 79 Mean and Percentile Skin Surface Area (m2) Derived From U.S. EPA Analysis of NHANES 19992006 Males and Females Combined for Children <21 Years and NHANES 20052006 for Adults >21 Years (.xls, 26K), Table 710 Mean and Percentile Skin Surface Area (m2) Derived From U.S. EPA Analysis of NHANES 19992006 for Children <21 Years and NHANES 20052006 for Adults >21 Years, Male (.xls, 26K), Table 711 Mean and Percentile Skin Surface Area (m2) Derived From U.S. EPA Analysis of NHANES 19992006 for Children <21 Years and NHANES 20052006 for Adults >21 Years, Females (.xls, 26K), Table 712 Surface Area of Adult Male (21 years and older) in Square Meters (.xls, 24K), Table 713 Surface Area of Adult Females (21 years and older) in Square Meters (.xls, 23K), Table 715 Descriptive Statistics for Surface Area/Body Weight (SA/BW) Ratios (m2/kg) (.xls, 23K), Table 716 Estimated Percent of Adult Skin Surface Exposed During Outdoor Activities (.xls, 22K), Table 735 Outdoor Hand Contact With SurfacesFrequency, Children 1 to 5 Years (contacts/hour) (.xls, 23K), Table 83 Mean and Percentile Body Weights (kg) Derived from NHANES (19992006) Male and Female Combined (.xls, 24K), Table 84 Mean and Percentile Body Weights (kg) for Males Derived from NHANES (19992006) (.xls, 23K), Table 85 Mean and Percentile Body Weights (kg) for Females Derived from NHANES (19992006) (.xls, 23K), Table 829 Estimated Body Weights of Pregnant WomenNHANES (19992006) (.xls, 22K), The US Census Bureau 2012 statistical abstract, Life expectancy at birth from various countries in the world, Table 1615 Time Spent (minutes/day) in Various Rooms at Home and in All Rooms Combined Whole Population and Doers Only, Children <21 years (.xls, 42K), Table 1616 Time Spent (minutes/day) in Various Rooms at Home and in All Rooms Combined, Doers Only (.xls, 79K), Table 1617 Time Spent (minutes/day) at Selected Indoor Locations Whole Population and Doers Only, Children <21 years (.xls, 32K), Table 1618 Time Spent (minutes/day) at Selected Indoor Locations, Doers Only (.xls, 127K), Table 1619 Time Spent (minutes/day) in Selected Outdoor Locations Whole Population and Doers Only, Children <21 Years (.xls, 31K), Table 1620 Time Spent (minutes/day) in Selected Outdoor Locations, Doers Only (.xls, 134K), Table 1623 Time Spent (minutes/day) in Selected Vehicles and All Vehicles Combined Whole Population and Doers Only, Children <21 Years (.xls, 33K), Table 1624 Time Spent (minutes/day) in Selected Vehicles, Other Mass Transit, and All Vehicles Combined, Doers Only (.xls, 70K), Table 1625 Time Spent (minutes/day) in Selected Activities Whole Population and Doers Only, Children <21 Years (.xls, 40K), Table 1626 Time Spent (minutes/day) in Selected Activities, Doers Only (.xls, 179K), Table 1627 Number of Hours Spent Working (hours/week) (.xls, 42K), Table 1629 Time Spent (minutes) Bathing, Showering, and in Bathroom Immediately After Bathing and Showering, Children <21 Years (.xls, 33K), Table 1632 Time Spent (minutes) Showering and in Shower Room Immediately After Showering (minutes/shower) (.xls, 36K), Table 1634 Time Spent (minutes) Giving and Taking the Bath(s) and in Bathroom Immediately After Bathing (minutes/bath) (.xls, 35K), Table 1635 Time Spent Altogether in the Shower or Bathtub and in the Bathroom Immediately Following a Shower or Bath (minutes/bath) (.xls, 37K), Table 1636 Time Spent (minutes/day) Bathing and Showering, Doers Only (.xls, 33K), Table 1640 Time Spent (minutes/month) Swimming in Freshwater Swimming Pool, Children <21 Years (.xls, 26K), Table 1642 Time Spent (minutes/month) in Freshwater Swimming Pool, Doers Only (.xls, 29K), Table 1643 Time Spent (minutes/day) Playing on Dirt, Sand/Gravel, or Grass Whole Population and Doers Only, Children <21 Years (.xls, 31K), Table 1644 Number of Minutes Spent Playing or Working on Selected Outdoor Surfaces, Doers Only (.xls, 47K), Table 1645 Time Spent (minutes/day) Working or Being Near Excessive Dust in the Air, Children <21 Years (.xls, 26K), Table 1646 Time Spent (minutes/day) Working or Being Near Excessive Dust in the Air, Doers Only (.xls, 29K), Table 1649 Time Spent (minutes/day) With Smokers Present, Children <21 Years (.xls, 25K), Table 1650 Time Spent (minutes/day) With Smokers Present, Doers Only (.xls, 33K), Table 1651 Number of Minutes Spent Smoking and Smoking Cigars or Pipe Tobacco (minutes/day) (.xls, 37K), Table 1652 Number of Minutes Spent (at home) Working or Being Near Food While Fried, Grilled, or Barbequed (minutes/day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1653 Number of Minutes Spent (at home) Working or Being Near Open Flames Including Barbeque Flames (minutes/day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1654 Number of Minutes Spent Running, Walking, or Standing Alongside a Road With Heavy Traffic (minutes/day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1655 Number of Minutes Spent in a Car, Van, Truck, or Bus in Heavy Traffic (minutes/day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1656 Number of Minutes Spent in a Parking Garage or Indoor Parking Lot (minutes/day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1657 Number of Minutes Spent Walking Outside to a Car in the Driveway or Outside Parking Areas (minutes/day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1658 Number of Minutes Spent Running or Walking Outside Other Than to the Car (minutes/day) (.xls, 29K), Table 1664 Time Spent at Home While the Windows or Outside Door Were Left Open (minutes/day) (.xls, 36K), Table 16108 Descriptive Statistics for Residential Occupancy Period (years) (.xls, 23K), Table 16109 Descriptive Statistics for Both Sexes by Current Age (.xls, 25K), Table 16111 Percent of Householders Living in Houses for Specified Ranges of Time, and Statistics for Years Lived in Current Home (.xls, 26K), (2007) American time use survey - 2006.
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