disaster management of cyclone

Cyclone is a catastrophic disaster accounting for huge loss of lives worldwide, imposing a trail of destruction of resources and properties and causing fatalities. (2019). The widely accepted classification system classifies disasters arising from natural hazards into five major categories: A brief description of the five major categories of the disasters arising from natural factors with the subcategories is given in the table. On reaching the coast ,the tsunami waves release enormous energy stored in them and water flows turbulently on to the land destroying port cities and towns, structures, buildings, and other settlements Since the coastal areas are densely populated the world over and are also centres of intense human activity ,the loss of life and property is likely to be much higher by Tsunami as compared to other natural Hazard in the coastal areas. Owing to its unique geoclimatic condition, India is highly susceptible to sundry natural catastrophes, such as earthquakes, landslides, and other hydro-meteorological disasters. Indian Railways should switch completely to the Linke Hoffman Busch (LHB) coaches as they do not pile upon each other during derailments and hence cause lesser casualties. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266666917725905, Superio, D. L., Abaday, E. M., Oliveros, M. G. H., Delgado, A. S., Palcullo, V. E. V., & Geromiano, J. F. (2019). These new countries will also suggest a set names. Am Meteorol Soc, Singh PK, Rai PK (2017) Landslide prediction mapping through frequency ratio (FR) model using GIS and earth observation data sets: a case study of part of Northern Uttrakhand (India) has been submitted in Natural Hazard. Ash fall; Lahar Hot or cold mixture of earthen material flowing on the slope of a volcano either during or between volcanic eruptions; Pyroclastic Flow Extremely hot gases, ash, and other materials of more than 1,000 degrees Celsius that rapidly flow down the flank of a volcano (more than 700 km/h) during an eruption. https://doi.org/10.47657/201617903, Kostagiolas, P., Araka, I., Theodorou, R., & Bokos, G. (2011). Large and continuous supply of warm and moist air that can release enormous latent heat. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. - 159.65.153.102. It was mainly due to violation of fire safety norms. Google Scholar, Gohil BS, Mathur AK, Verma AK (2001) In: Proceedings of Pacific Ocean remote sensing conference, 2000, 58 Dec 2000, NIO, Goa, Indi, Goni GJ, Trinanes JA (2003) Ocean thermal structure monitoring could aid in the intensity forecast of tropical cyclones. Landslides are largely controlled by highly localised factors. Extensive sources of information are required at each of the phases of cyclone disaster management [40]. Chalk out strategies for strengthening education, research and documentation for strengthening tsunami risk management preparedness measures by academic and professional institutes. 14 | Page Disaster Management Extra tropical Cyclones Extratropical cyclones, sometimes called mid-latitude cyclones, are a group of cyclones defined as synoptic scale low pressure weather systems that occur in the middle latitudes of the Earth (outside the tropics) not having tropical characteristics, and are connected with fronts and . Training and participation of staffs and officials in fire safety drills at all public and private work places, schools, educational institutions. The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions Journal, 31(4), 307314. The WLL - VSAT in used for audio communication facility. Tropical Cyclone. This happens after its landfall or when it passes over cold waters. The coastal regulation zones have been declared by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change under the, It is a weather warning that is issued by the. Extratropical cyclones are formed in winter in the mid-latitudes and move eastward with the flow of westerly winds. Artificial Channels have inadequate capacity to drain the water during heavy rainfall. Strengthening of public destribution system to provide food and fodder. Natural Disaster Management Authority has prepared a set of National Guidelines on Management of Cyclone. J Earth Syst Sci, Singh R, Pal PK, Kishtawal CM, Joshi PC (2008) The impact of variational assimilation of SSM/I and QuikSCAT satellite observations on the numerical simulation of Indian Ocean tropical cyclones. Causes: It is a well known fact that Indian Plate is moving at a speed of 1 cm per year towards the north and North Eastern direction and this movement of plates is being constantly obstructed by The Eurasian plate from the north. https://doi.org/10.1080/13614533.2019.1703767, Gupta, V. K. (2018). Lakes in which such activity occurs are referred to as, A cool lake bottom indicating an absence of direct volcanic interaction with lake waters, An upper and lower thermal layer with differing CO, Proximity to areas with volcanic activity, Now there is concern about lake Kivu (Border of Rwanda in Congo), Cyclone, Storm Surge, Tornado, Convective Storm, Extratropical Storm, Wind, Extreme Temperature, Fog, Frost, Freeze, Hail, Heat-wave, Extreme hot/cold conditions Forest/Wildfire Fires Glacial Lake Outburst Subsidence, Epidemics: viral, bacterial, parasitic, fungal, or prion infections. 21st May, 2021. But . https://doi.org/10.1108/CB-01-2017-0002, Zgonjanin, S. (2005). Australian Journal of Humanities and Islamic Studies Research, 2(2), 720. This initiative has led to the construction of 200 new cyclone shelters, operating in places such as schools and community centers to ensure regular maintenance. Forest fires are caused by Natural as well as manmade causes. Burning books: The work of document SOS. Abnormal rise in sea level around the coastline reduces the soil fertility. Library Management, 23(3), 115123. Primarily disasters are triggered by natural hazards or human induced, or result from a combination of both. The paper aims at proposing policies and approaches to manage dual disasters of flooding and COVID-19. Cyclone The The crossing inception Before of cyclone During cyclone After the coast effect and effect weakening. Tsunamis can be predicted and even after that they can damage the habitation. Cyclones are usually accompanied by violent storms and bad weather. The recent one being cyclone Taukte. Library Review, 45(1), 3038. Lets know all about cyclone disaster management. The air circulation rises and cools and then creates clouds and precipitation. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2709356. Disaster management in libraries: The role of a disaster plan. October 2022 Current Affairs pdf: Download Now, September 2022 Current Affairs pdf: Download Now, August 2022 Current Affairs pdf: Download Now, July 2022 Current Affairs pdf: Download Now, June 2022 Current Affairs pdf: Download Now, Northwest Pacific including the South China Sea, North Atlantic including the Caribbean sea. Explosion of a Radiological Dispersal Device (RDD) or Improvised Nuclear Device (IND). The evacuations were considered to be the. The world faces difficulties managing disasters while making efforts to slowing the spread of COVID-19. There is now a need to expand traditional disaster approaches by public health to incorporate NCDs. Most of these deaths could be prevented, provided we take proper steps in preventing the fire. Disaster management in university libraries of India and Pakistan. Earthquakes are also responsible for landslides. Bureau of meteorology research center, Melbourne, Australia. Possible consequences include exacerbation of illness, complications or even death. International Handbook of Disaster Research pp 113Cite as. We are grateful to NIIT University, India for providing necessary infrastructure and support to carry the research work. Topper, E. F. (2011). https://doi.org/10.1108/00242530210434028, Corrigan, A. Sometimes rivers also change their course causing floods and other calamities in the affected areas. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266666915588794, Clarke, R. (2002). Construction of explosion and fire resistant buildings in future. Libraries and the Cultural Record, 40(2), 128144. Habitat Ready: Disaster preparedness for homeowners. https://doi.org/10.7553/65-1-1502, Moustafa, L. H. (2013). There of course may be a human hand behind each of the disasters, whether its' impact is small or large. The cyclone exposed capacity and policy gaps in Zimbabwe's disaster risk management system. http://bit.ly/2KH7Tpy, Najar, J. K., & Wani, Z. Navigating campus disasters from within the library: Lessons and implications from gulf coast institutions. Text is available . All the Himalayan states and the states from North Eastern region except the plains of Assam are included in the high vulnerabilities zone. Also urban local bodies lack sufficient staff and tools to keep these drains desilted and clean. Encouraging people to participate in mock fire drills to ensure there is no panic during adverse situations of fire-incidents. (2021). Its sudden impact provide very less response time and make its prediction impossible. According to Global Forest Watch, India witnessed a 125% increase in forest fires in just two years (2015-17). Who burnt the grand library of Alexandria? Component D: Project management and institutional support. Pakistan Journal of Information Management and Libraries, 17(Special Issue), 155161. Torrential rains, strong wind and storm range leads to flooding in the cyclone affected areas. Tropical cyclones (TCs), also known as typhoons or hurricanes, are among the most destructive weather phenomena which is commonly observed between 5 and 25 latitudes on both sides (NS) of the equator. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76116-5_10, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76116-5_10, eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0). Identification of groundwater potential in the form of aquifers. Fire + water + bombs: Disaster management among academic libraries in Marawi City, Lanao del Sur, Philippines. In particular, human-induced factors can greatly aggravate the adverse impacts of a natural disaster. Heavy siltation in Adyar river has caused floods in Chennai. Cyclone Gonu was the strongest tropical cyclone on record in the Arabian Sea, and it was one of the most devastating cyclones that hit Oman in recent history. . Economic loss to the tourism industry and fishermen. Structures need to be built to withstand wind forces. Surface displacement of earthen materials due to ground shaking triggered by earthquakes. India Desh Cyclone Fani Leaves Thousands Homeless Taiwan News 2019 05 06 00 02 13. Unstable condition through the troposphere that creates local disturbances around which cyclone develops. Extra tropical cyclones occur in temperate zones and high latitude regions, though they are, The state government of Odisha has started undertaking. Recharge ground water through check dams and providing pipeline water and other irrigation facilites. Disaster management: Floods, Earthquake, Cyclones and Landslides A disaster (Fr. Natural Channel of streams encroached by buildings, bridges, roads etc For example encroachment in Jhelum basin caused floods in Srinagar. Promotion of natural broad leaf trees in place of Chir Pine trees. Mass movement of earth materials, usually down slopes. Excessive accumulation of energy results in building up of stress which ultimately leads to the breaking up of the lock and sudden release of energy causing earthquakes along the Himalayan arch. Restaurator, 31(34), 207221. An anticyclone is the opposite phenomena of wind system of a cyclone. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 31, 8591. Thorburn, G. (1994). Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Area, NIIT University, Neemrana, Rajasthan, India, You can also search for this author in Conclusion: Cyclone, flood and storm related disasters impact on treatment management and care for people with NCDs. Better facilities in hospitals through quick medical aid at the nearest hospital. Over the weekend, scores of lives were lost in the southern states, including eight in . Shifting cultivation in the North Eastern regions of India and in parts of the states of Odisha and Andhra Pradesh. Slower adverse events such as droughts, heat stress and food insecurity mu Climate change, disaster management and primary health care in Zimbabwe Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. Remote sensing and satellite imageries can be useful in identifying the possible river basin and in identifying the groundwater potential. UNISDR considers disaster to be a result of the combination of many factors such as. The damage caused by disaster is immeasurable and varies with the geographical location, climate and the type of the earth surface. (b) During Monsoon Phase (Early Warning and Effective Response): If involves giving qualitative and quantitative warnings based on the intensity of rainfall to various agencies to take preventive measures. Provision for the distribution of safe drinking water. Houses and other buildings can be moved to higher ground and new construction banned in the principal risk areas. It is formed around a low-pressure centre which is associated with the convergence of wind rotating inwards direction to the low-pressure point. Unplanned development and encroachment of sprawling habitations alongside rivers and watercourses have impeded the natural flow of streams. Disaster is a sudden, calamitous event bringing great damage, loss, destruction and devastation to life and property. Chapter 6: Recovery details this phase of disaster management. It can be utilised in providing essential information for evacuation, relief and the management during post-disaster. Gupta A (2006) Current status of tropical cyclone track prediction techniques and forecast errors. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01277501. 1. The only difference between these two is the combination, intensity and frequency of the controlling factors. NEMO's monitoring of invest 95L over the weekend, has just led to an alert from the Chief Meteorologist. McIlwaine, J. Morgan, G., & Smith, J. G. (1997). Moderate Drought Affected Areas: Northern parts of Rajasthan Haryana, Southern districts of Uttar Pradesh, the remaining parts of Gujarat, Maharashtra except konkan, Jharkhand and Coimbatore plateau of Tamilnadu and interior Karnataka included in this category. Disturbances along the natural drainage channel. Making use of technology through research to reduce instances of forest fires. Land use control should be designed so that least critical activities are placed in vulnerable areas. It is accompanied with a sudden release of harmful radiations or radioactive materials or both together into the environment. Recently 5 more countries like United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Qatar, Iran, Saudi Arabia were added in the nomenclature panel of Indian Ocean region. A cyclone can be defined as an atmospheric disturbance where winds rotate counterclockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere around a low pressure center. The planned framework of activities under this project provides end-to-end solutions for effective Cyclone Disaster Management (CDM) in all the 13 coastal states and UTs. In Handbook of Research on Disaster Management and Contingency Planning in Modern Libraries (pp. Making use of indigenous technical knowledge and locally available materials in the construction of. As a result of this, the runoff has increased causing urban floods. The library as lifeboat. Disaster management approaches for academic libraries: An issue not to be neglected in Greece. These may include the Approaching Train Warning Systems and the Train Actuated Warning Systems. Some of the major causes of Rail accidents include: The capacity of the authorities to deal with the disaster and the vulnerability of disaster affected area shall be taken into account for planning and tackling disaster management. The response phase focuses primarily on emergency relief. Library Review, 51(6), 287292. The cyclones are natural phenomenon.We cant control nature, but if we focus on preparedness,adaptation, adequate response the damage caused by cyclones can be mitigated. Earth Observ Syst, Gopalakirhsna VV, Ali MM, Araligidad N, Shenoy S, Shum CK, Yi Y (2003) An atlas of the XBT thermal structures and TOPEX/POSEIDON sea surface heights in the North Indian Ocean. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048623.1994.10754867, Cyclone Fani: Damage, loss, and needs assessment. Part of Springer Nature. Meteorol Atmos Phys 67(1):3769. Lecture 13 Disaster management, Floods, earthquakes, cyclones and land slides. Tropical cyclone and Hurricane is like a heat engine that is energized by the release of latent heat on account of the condensation of moisture that the wind gathers after moving over the oceans and seas. The categorization of disaster situations into levels LO to L3 finds no mention in Disaster Management Act 2005. After the Amphan,Nisarga the next names will be Gati then Nivar and nomenclature will be continued. Provide a shelf of comprehensive solutions for improving the vulnerability reduction of coastal areas like development of bioshield, like mangrooves and shelter belt plantation. Tropospheric Ozone is increasing: Good or Bad? doi: 10.4102/phcfm . Rain Shadow areas in the Western and Eastern Ghats and Deccan Plateau. However for a better understanding, they are divided into following earthquake zones which is represented by the map given below: It is not possible to prevent the occurrence of an earthquake and hence the better option is to prepare for the disaster and have some mitigation strategy rather than curative measures such as: Tsunamis can be triggered off by an underwater earthquake, a volcanic eruption, a submarine rock slide, or rarely by an asteroid or meteorite crashing into water from space. The studys conclusion urges the enactment of the disaster management plan and the obligation of training for disaster preparedness to the staff. Solinets gulf coast libraries recovery projects for public and academic libraries. United Nations India. New Review of Academic Librarianship, 27(1), 113129. IFLA. Mechanism to assess and monitor forest fire risks and increase sustainable application of warning systems. Library Administration and Management, 20(4), 192200. UNICEF Report on Lead Poisoning of Children. Curr Sci, Kalsi SR (2003) Early warning system for tropical storms in India. Disaster mangement raghav prabhakar 3.cyclone Nishan Sharma Natural disaster Neeraj Yadav Disaster management DayitaChaudhuri DRRR Hydrometeorological Hazards Part 1 Dexter Cargullo Hydrometeorological Hazards Ma. A hurricane, or tropical cyclone, is an organized system of clouds and thunderstorms that rotates around a well-defined center and originates over warm tropical waters. Disaster preparedness generally takes the following course of the action plan- Early warning, Mitigation, Response, Awareness generation, and capacity development. Disaster preparedness of libraries: Insights from polytechnic librarians in Ghana. Library and Archival Security, 14(2), 6166. Following are the few measures which shall be taken to control floods: Over 40 million hectares (12 per cent of land) is prone to floods and river erosion. In addition, eastern and . Collection Building, 36(2), 6976. https://doi.org/10.1300/J114v14n02_08, Pazooki, F., & Saboori, F. (2021). National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is involved in rescue and relief work. (eds) International Handbook of Disaster Research. https://doi.org/10.1108/01435120810869084, Cuthbert, S., & Doig, J. For construction of cyclone shelters, the most appropriate sites should be selected, using the. 1 ). The growth of chemical industries has led to an increase in the risk of occurrence of incidents associated with hazardous chemicals. To conceal illegal timber cutting, the forest are deliberately set on fire by timber mafias. https://doi.org/10.1108/CC-02-2020-0003, Nevins, K., & Nyberg, S. (2007). PPT ON MANAGEMENT OF CYCLONIC DISASTER Shreya Soman Cyclones Harika Pachipulusu Cyclone Elysia Giesemann Winds storms and cyclones ppt Priya Prinja flood ElsaSony Tropical cyclone jodi yesenia Jodi Westbrook Tropical Cyclones Presentation (1981-1988) Charvari Watson Cyclone power point Stacey Winds, Storms And Cyclone - class 8 Ankita Nandi Part of Springer Nature. Some of the measures are : Tropical cyclones are intense low pressure areas confined to the area lying between 30 degree north and 30 degrees South latitude. Kolkata New Delhi Hyderabad Manipur India has a long history with cyclones. The coastal areas are often struck by severe cyclonic Storms with an average velocity of 180 km per hour. Cyclones are the most intense storms on earth. An effective cyclone disaster management plan is structured into four phases - response, recovery, prevention/reduction and preparedness ( Fig. Nestle Lyza Salle Understanding Typhoon g8 Anabelle Montevirgen Tropical cyclones and temperate cyclones geovino The earthquakes cause obstructions in the flow of rivers and channels resulting in the formation of reservoir. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Rising from the Wreckage: Development of tsunami-affected libraries in Sri Lanka. Often this results in the abnormal rise in the sea level known as storm surge. Australian Academic and Research Libraries, 25(1), 1318. To counter this, proper emergency preparedness plans must be in place so that there is minimum loss of life, livelihood, property, and impact on the environment. Springer, Cham. For instance, Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) delivering operational cyclone forecast to India along with other neighbouring countries through Dvorak technique using INSAT imagery. Disaster planning in university libraries in India: A neglected area. Liquefaction the transformation of (partially)water-saturated soil from a solid state to a liquid state caused by an earthquake. National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project (NCRMP) was launched by the Ministry of Home Affairs to forecast and track cyclones in risk zone. Tsunamis are frequently observed along the Pacific Ring of Fire, particularly along the coast of Alaska, Japan, Philippines, and other islands of Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and India. The emergence of a fault line and energy buildup along the fault line represented by the river Bhima and the possible breaking down of the Indian Plate is also one of the reason for some of the recent earthquakes. The dry leaves of Chir trees are highly inflammable and catch fire easily. Public Library Quarterly, 25(34), 179187. https://doi.org/10.1108/01435121111187888, Lunde, D. B., & Smith, P. A. It is the most significant policy and training document, and it necessitates ongoing managerial commitment and organizational support in the form of a catastrophe awareness and preventive culture. PubMedGoogle Scholar, Department of Geography, Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti Language University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, Department of Geology, School of Earth, Biological and Environmental Science, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, Bihar, India, Centre for Climate Change and Water Research, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Sharma, A., Sivasankar, T. (2021). The National Emergency Management Organization (NEMO) has alerted all its committees nationwide to convene an emergency meeting to prepare for a tropical cyclone that is forecasted to affect Belize this week. 340365). https://doi.org/10.1515/rest.2010.016, Shaw, M. D. (2015). An adequate vapour supply through evaporation. For the Indian Ocean region, a nomenclature formula for cyclones was accepted in 2004 between eight countries in the region. Action Plan for cyclone disaster management is dealt in Three phases. Thus a closed cyclonic vortex is formed. Cyclone Disaster Management 1) Introduction Indian coasts are highly vulnerable to tropical cyclones and the consequent recurrent loss of life and property. J Geophys Res Lett. Flood Plain zoning to regulate land use in the flood plain in order to respect the damage due to floods. 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. https://doi.org/10.1108/LM-12-2019-0091, Piotrowicz, G. (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101311, Thiem, J. Tropical storms are an annual affair, with the more vulnerable eastern coast with 92 severe cyclones out of a total of 262 between 1891 and 1990, and several more in the years since. The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) (2009) defines disaster as: A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources., As per the Disaster Management Act 2005, Disaster means a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or graveoccurrence in any area, arising from natural or manmade causes, or by accident or negligence which results in substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage to, and destruction of, property, or damage to, or degradation of, environment, and is of such a nature or magnitude as to be beyond the coping capacity of the community of the affected area. The Indian Tsunami Early Warming Centre (ITEWC), which is based at and operated by Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Hyderabad has all necessary advisories to India as well as to Indian Ocean Countries (24 countries). There is High intensity rainfall for a considerably longer time period. It is not possible to prevent a the occurrence of tsunami. Journal of Indian Library Association, 54(1), 1726. Saving lives, providing first aid, minimizing and restoring damaged systems (communication and transportation), meeting the basic life requirements of those impacted by disaster (food,water and shelter). 8% of total geographical area in India is cyclones-prone.Natural disasters destroys 2% of GDP every year in India. (2021). Collection Building, 26(4), 108111. These disaster situations and their specific features are captured in a Disaster management matrix shown in Table. Cyclone Idai in Zimbabwe exposed deficiencies in the country's disaster management system. Shortage of water which leads to large scale death of cattle and other animals. The community should be well aware of the warning system, the warning signals and the source where they can get the early warning of cyclones. Discouraging major construction activities in the upper reaches of most of the flood creating rivers. The North Eastern regions along with areas that experience frequent ground shaking due to earthquakes and areas of human activities. https://ncrmp.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/psc/Fani2019.pdf. Impact of Kashmir floods on the libraries. insufficient capacity or measures to reduce or cope with the potential negative consequences. (c) Post-Monsoon Phase: Restoration and rehabilitation phase includes establishment of a programme to restore both the disaster site and the damaged materials to a stable and usable condition. Restriction on construction and other developmental activities such as roads and dams, Limiting agriculture to valleys and areas with moderate slopes, Control on the development of large settlements in the high vulnerability zones, Promoting large scale afforestation programs, Construction of bunds to reduce the flow of water. Mains Practice Question (GS paper 2) - "Discuss the desirability of greater representation to women in the parliament to", Model Essay - "One Has to Win Their Internal Battle to Awaken Their Consciousness", UPPSC 2021 Topper Navneet Kumar gautam | Mock Interview | Drishti IAS English Watch On YouTube, Editorial on Gender Equity and Uniform Civil Code, Although the cyclone weakened and didnt cause much damage, it highlighted that Indias cyclone management approach was, Thus, Indias cyclone management must incorporate. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8800-3_77-1, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8800-3_77-1, eBook Packages: Springer Reference Business and ManagementReference Module Humanities and Social Sciences, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in (eds) Recent Technologies for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction. India's National Policy on Disaster Management calls for disaster education in schools to develop a culture of preparedness and safety, besides implementing school disaster management plans. Most Tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes, but not all underwater earthquakes cause tsunamis. Weather Forecast 3:460476, Velden C et al. Measuring disaster preparedness and response practices in university libraries in Nigeria: The role of disaster equipment. Increased Industrial activity, deforestation, encroachments of wetlands, pollution due to vehicles across the planet are causing the nature more unstable and unpredictable. Prevention One part of addressing a disaster is by being proactive. https://doi.org/10.1108/03074801111100445, Wani, Z. Library Management, 32(8/9), 516530. Norfolk and Norwich Central Library: The emerging phoenix. It reviews on-going efforts of organizations in the humanitarian assistance, water and sanitation, disaster management and health .

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