2.4.43 There is limited information on societal treatment of Ahmadis in Bangladesh, though reportage in 2021 highlighted an incident whereby locals exhumed the body of an Ahmadi infant they did not accept being buried in a Muslim, government-owned cemetery, before discarding the body on a roadside in Sadar Upazila in the Brahmanbaria district of Bangladesh (see Societal treatment and inter-religious relations Ahmadis). 6.6.1 The USSD IRF report 2020 noted, with reference to societal treatment of Ahmadi Muslims: in July [2020] major news outlets reported the exhuming and subsequent dumping of an Ahmadi Muslim infants body on the roadside in Brahmanbaria District. 2.6.5 For general information and analysis on internal relocation see the Country Policy and Information Note (CPIN) on Bangladesh: Background, including internal relocation and, in the case of women, the CPIN on Bangladesh: women fearing gender-based violence. However, a series of attacks that took place between 2013 and 2017 resulted in the deaths of several bloggers, atheists and members of religious minority groups: a worrying indication that anyone holding or expressing an opinion contrary to the state and to Islam could be under threat. This means the next release for year ending June 2022, scheduled for 24 November 2022, will not go ahead. The realisation of secularism, one of the four preambles of Bangladeshs Constitution, is connected to many other issues, believes Akbar Ali Khan, a former adviser to the caretaker government. For example, the Black African, Black Caribbean and Other Black ethnic groups would be aggregated to Black / African / Caribbean / Black British at the five-ethnic group classification. This is the latest release. 2.4.12 Hindus in Bangladesh may face instances of local state discrimination in relation to land ownership. Below is information on when this note was cleared: World Population Review, Bangladesh Population 2022 (live), nd, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, page 2, 12 May 2021, MRGI, Bangladesh minorities and indigenous peoples, June 2019, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 2), 12 May 2021, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 2-3), 12 May 2021, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.43, page 21), 22 August 2019, MRGI, Bangladesh Christians, July 2018, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.55, page 23), 22 August 2019, MRGI, Bangladesh Buddhists, July 2018, Dhaka Tribune, How Ahmadiyya faith found space in Bangladesh, 16 June 2017, Constitution of Bangladesh, 4 November 1972 (reinstated 1986, reviewed 2011), HRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur, (para 8), 22 January 2016, HRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur, (para 73), 22 January 2016, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 4-5), 12 May 2021, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 5), 12 May 2021, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 5-6), 12 May 2021, HRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur, (para 65-66), 22 January 2016, HRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur, (para 70), 22 January 2016, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 4), 12 May 2021, Bangladesh Penal Code, Chapter 18, 6 October 1860, HRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur, (para 84-85), 22 January 2016, Bdnews24, Bangladesh president approves Digital Security Act, 8 October 2018, Amnesty International, Bangladesh: New Digital Security Act, 20 September 2018, Bdnews24, Bangladesh passes Digital Security Act, 19 September 2018, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.37-3.38, page 20-21), 22 August 2019, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.39-3.40, page 21), 22 August 2019, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 3), 12 May 2021, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 7), 12 May 2021, HI, Bangladesh should drop spurious charges against blogger Asad Noor, 4 August 2020, FCDO, Human Rights and Democracy: 2020, 8 July 2021, Amnesty International, No Space for Dissent Bangladeshs Crackdown, July 2021, USCIRF, Country update: Bangladesh, page 3, 11 May 2020, The Daily Star, Release Dipti Rani Das held under DSA immediately, 25 November 2021, MRGI, Bangladesh: Hindus information page, July 2018, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.45, page 22), 22 August 2019, Freedom House, Freedom in the World 2021 Bangladesh, (section B4), 3 March 2021, World, Attacks on non-Muslims increase in Bangladesh, 25 July 2016, Centre for Crime and Justice Studies, Freedom of expression, (page 4), March 2010, HRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur, (para 57-59), 22 January 2016, HRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur, (para 51), 22 January 2016, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.33-3.34, page 20), 22 August 2019, HRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur, (para 40 and 42), 22 January 2016, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 8-9), 12 May 2021, USCIRF, Country update: Bangladesh, page 4, 11 May 2020, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 6), 12 May 2021, CSW, Bangladesh: General Briefing, page 1, March 2021, Bangladesh Post, Who stands by religious minorities in Bangladesh? 24 October 2021, TOI, 3 temples desecrated in Bangladesh, police register complaints, 3 January 2022, Gulf News, Bangladesh guards Buddhists amid Rohingya backlash fears, 15 September 2017, Dhaka Tribune, Bangladesh to celebrate Christmas Day Saturday, 24 December 2021, HRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur, (para 35), 22 January 2016, IHEU, Bangladesh information page, 13 October 2020, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 10), 12 May 2021, New Age Bangladesh, No credible evidence of dishonouring Quran found, 2 November 2020, BBC, Bangladesh Avijit Roy murder: Five sentenced to die for machete attack 16 February 2021, HRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur, (para 36), 22 January 2016, Dhaka Tribune, A life of constant fear for the Ahmadiyyas in Bangladesh, 16 June 2017, OpIndia, Bangladesh: Islamists dig up the grave of an Ahmadi newborn, 14 July 2020, TSAC, South AsiaMinorities Report 2021: Hate Speech Against Minorities, December 2021, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.46, page 22), 22 August 2019, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 7-8), 12 May 2021, USCIRF, Country update: Bangladesh, page 2, 11 May 2020, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 1), 12 May 2021, HRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur, para 12, page 15-16, 22 January 2016, FES, The Future of Liberal Democracy in Bangladesh after the COVID-19, page 6, April 2021, USCIRF, Country update: Bangladesh, pages 3-4, 11 May 2020, Foreign Policy, How Facebook Fuels Religious Violence, 4 February 2022, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.47-3.49, page 22-23), 22 August 2019, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 11), 12 May 2021, FH, Freedom in the World 2021 Bangladesh, section D2, 3 March 2021, MRGI, Bangladesh: Hindus information page, July 2018, BNHGA (@BangladeshGrand on Twitter.com), Tweet dated 12:47pm, 8 March 2020, Raju Das (@RajuDas7777 on Twitter.com), Tweet dated 2:28pm UK time, 16 October 2021, Raju Das (@RajuDas7777 on Twitter.com), Tweet dated 1:48pm UK time, 2 November 2021, Raju Das (@RajuDas7777 on Twitter.com), Tweet dated 7:38pm UK time, 19 October 2021, Raju Das (@RajuDas7777 on Twitter.com), Tweet dated 7:28pm UK time, 31 October 2021, Bdnews24, 2021: When anti-Hindu attacks blunted the spirit of secularism, 27 December 2021, The New Indian Express, Bangladesh Durga Puja violence, 18 October 2021, The Daily Star, attacks during Durga Puja judicial probes in 6 districts, 28 October 2021, Asia News, Religious minorities go on hunger strike against sectarian violence, 25 October 2021, FIDH, Annual Human Rights Report 2020 Bangladesh, 25 January 2021, HRW, Bangladesh: Deadly attacks on Hindu festival, 21 October 2021, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.52 3.53, page 23), 22 August 2019, Al Jazeera, Attacks, land grabs leave Bangladeshs Indigenous groups on edge, 30 July 2021, TAI, Attack on Buddhist monastery in Bdesh triggers protest in Tripura, 2 November 2021, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.59, page 24), 22 August 2019, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 11-12), 12 May 2021, Christian Aid Mission, Bangladesh information page, nd, SARIM, Indigenous Christians living in fear in Bangladesh village, 7 January 2022, AsiaNews, A 91-year-old Christian villager drugged and killed in Barisal, 2 February 2022, IFJ, States of Control: South Asia Press Freedom Report 2019-20 (page 28), 3 May 2020, HP, How Bangladeshi Bloggers Paid The Price For Protesting Religious, 3 August 2020, FH, Freedom in the World 2021 Bangladesh, section D2, 3 March 2021, MRGI, Bangladesh: Ahmadis information page, July 2018, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.30, page 19), 22 August 2019, International Journal, Interreligious Marriage in Bangladesh, (page 45), 28 September 2016, Dhaka Tribune, Interfaith marriages and the law of the land, 18 December 2018, HRC, Report of the Special Rapporteur, (para 77-79), 22 January 2016, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.56, page 24), 22 August 2019, USCIRF, Country update: Bangladesh, page 5, 11 May 2020, MoRA, About Ministry History and introduction , nd, USSD, 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bangladesh, (page 8), 12 May 2021, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 3.98, page 30), 22 August 2019, DFAT, Country Information Report, Bangladesh, (para 5.22-5.23 page 48), 22 August 2019. But they only respond after we have been attacked.[footnote 69], 5.6.3 The USSD IRF report 2020 noted that, following intervention by law enforcement after locals exhumed the body of an Ahmadi infant they did not accept being buried in a Muslim cemetery, the family agreed to rebury the infant in a separate Ahmadi cemetery[footnote 70]. What is the population of Bangladesh in 2022? Last accessed: 12 December 2021, New Age Bangladesh, No credible evidence of dishonouring Quran found, 2 November 2020. But the incident has outraged and sparked fear among local Christians who have reason to believe that it was not just a robbery gone wrong, but a deliberate attack against a Christian family. The report noted: According to journalist Omar Faroque, a special correspondent of the Dhaka-based Somoy TV, atheist bloggers would not be safe in Bangladesh even now. The village is home to more than 200 indigenous people, mostly Christians. In August 2019, a Buddhist monk was murdered.[footnote 112]. Estimates by ethnic group and religion are more timely than the standard source of the 2011 Census. Rest of Europe are the countries remaining once the EU27 countries and the UK have been excluded from Europe. Divorced Hindus and Buddhists may not legally remarry. The data are the UN's medium estimate. However, numbers identifying as Christian have fallen by 8.3 percentage points since the 2011 Census (when 59.3% identified as Christian). Data below UK, EU and non-EU level should be treated with caution and not be compared with previous years. Despite the Governments efforts to increase the number of teachers who profess minority religions, as laid out in the 2010 National Education Policy, the Special Rapporteur heard a number of examples that revealed technical problems in the implementation of that policy. The bereaved family had buried the infant in a government cemetery, which according to the media reports caused local residents to become infuriated, not believing it appropriate to bury an Ahmadi Muslims body in a government cemetery for Muslims.[footnote 132]. The working-age population (defined by the Bangladesh Planning Commission as the population between the ages of 15 and 59 years) was 66.6 million in 1997. 22% of people in the UK lived in households with low income after housing costs were paid, compared with 17% before housing costs. The 2022 population census found only 16,50,159 members of the ethnic community - 824,751 men and 825,408 women - living in Bangladesh. It said that the clashes left at least 40 people, including the Officer In-charge Nizamuddin of Feni Model Police Station, injured in the clashes. On 5 December 2015, a series of blasts targeting a Hindu ceremony in Dinjapur left six worshippers injured. This is indicated by a larger coefficient of variation (see Section 6 for more information on measuring uncertainty). How many Bengali live in Italy? Inter-faith marriages can take place under the Special Marriage Act although, under the Act, couples must declare their disbelief in any traditional religion (see Religious conversion, Inter-faith marriages and Personal status laws). In October 2016, a mob of at least 100 violently attacked a Hindu village in Brahmanbaria district in east-central Bangladesh. The Muslim residents in the area condemned the incident, attributing it to elements wanting to disrupt interfaith harmony, said a local journalist. The same differences between men and women were not seen for the remaining six religious groups. 5.5.4 The USSD IRF report 2020 highlighted police response to societal violence against men accused of desecrating the Quran in October 2020: After a crowd attacked Jewel and his companion, officials attempted to protect them in the local government office. Data are unavailable for the districts of Northern Ireland. Dhormo Jaar Jaar, Utsob Shobar, (Religion as per ones own, but festivals common to all)- is not only a mere slogan adopted by Awami League, but also a depiction of religious harmony in Bengali society and culture for hundreds of years. But members from these communities are not allowed to express their beliefs or the lack of it. The dataset contains a sample size of around 550,000 respondents. In October 2019, a Muslim mob attacked Hindu residences in Barisal after false rumors circulated that a Hindu man posted blasphemous content on Facebook. Other major cities are Birmingham, Manchester, Sheffield, Liverpool, Newcastle, and Leeds. Looking back, in the year of 1960, Bangladesh had a population of 50.1 million people. However, in practice the government sometimes fails to protect these rights especially if they are deemed to criticise religious sentiment (see Legal context, Blasphemy / religious defamation and, on freedom of speech, the Country Policy and Information Note on Bangladesh: Journalists, publishers and internet bloggers). It said that protests against attacks and vandalism on Hindu temples during the Durga Puja celebrations continued across the country on Saturday, as did the vandalism that led to the public outcry.[footnote 105]. Our government always provides adequate protections during the festivals of religious minorities[footnote 53], Hindu communities continue to suffer disproportionately from land grabbing. 5.6.2 In June 2017, the Dhaka Tribune reported on treatment of Ahmadis in Bangladesh following an attack on an Ahmadi cleric. Estimates use Labour Force Survey responses that have been reweighted to new population counts. 3.1.1 According to World Population Review, in 2022, Bangladesh had a total population of approximately 167 million[footnote 1]. Over the last decade, these Facebook posts have triggered severe anti-minority violence across Bangladesh. A separate civil family law applies to mixed-faith families or those of other faiths or no faith. Authorities do not always enforce the alimony requirement even in cases involving registered marriages. All civil society organisations (CSOs), including religious organisations, are required to register with the Ministry of Social Welfare. However, the attackers are yet to be indicted, according to lawyer Rana Dasgupta, general secretary of Bangladesh Hindu Buddhist Christian Unity Council. Media attributed the decline to civil society activism. Others pointed to widespread corruption, which leaves economically impoverished strata of society without sufficient influence. The peak of the population in absolute numbers in Bangladesh is expected to happen in 2061 and to be 206,906,006 if we consider the 1950-2100 timespan. No one is able to say what happened. 2.4.18 There is little evidence to suggest that Christians in Bangladesh face state discrimination and, in general, the treatment of Christians by the state is not sufficiently serious by its nature and/or repetition, or by an accumulation of various measures, to amount to persecution or serious harm. Iraq. However, in order to have their marriage validated under the Special Marriage Act, the marrying couple must declare officially that they do not believe in any institutionalized religion. Local press outlets reported the crowd was incited by rumors that local Hindu residents supported the publication in the French magazine Charlie Hebdo of caricatures of the Prophet Muhammed, initially published in 2015 and reprinted in France in September. 1.2.1 This note focuses primarily on the situation for Hindus, Christians, Buddhists, Ahmadi Muslims and atheists. Fatwas, however, continued throughout the year, including a November edict issued against a sculpture honoring Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the father of the country.[footnote 47]. The DSA also provides for extra-territorial application of the law, so comments made or articles published outside of Bangladesh which contravene the law may also be punishable under this legislation with up to 10 years in prison. They are published to involve users and stakeholders at an early stage in assessing their suitability and quality. Estimates from the Annual Population Survey. 2.4.38 In general, Christians are able to express and practise their faith freely throughout Bangladesh without facing societal restrictions (see Societal treatment and inter-religious relations Christians). Bangladesh has successfully achieved nationalism. The onus is on the person to demonstrate otherwise. 89 Eccleston Square Now, we need to see what lies ahead for this zero-tolerance policy, said Rana Dasgupta. Source: Pew Research Center analysis of 2000 decennial census, 2008-2010, 2013-2015 and 2017-2019 American Community Survey (IPUMS). Last accessed: 31 January 2022, Bangladesh to celebrate Christmas Day Saturday, 24 December 2021. 2.4.30 For further guidance on assessing risk, see the instruction on Assessing Credibility and Refugee Status. The accused individual was arrested under the DSA, It was later revealed that the accused individual had his Facebook account hacked and was being blackmailed for money under threat of having additional blasphemous content posted under his name. 4.6.2 On 8 October 2018, bdnews24, a Bangladesh-based news website report that the Bangladesh President Md Abdul Hamid signed the Digital Security Bill 2018 into law amid objections from several media and rights organisations. However, it can be viewed as apostasy. Shafiur Rahman Farabi was given life in jail, after being arrested in March 2015. Community Association. 6.5.2 In August 2020, Huffington Post India provided an insight to the lives of some secular bloggers who were now living abroad having left Bangladesh, mostly in 2015, following a spate of killings of atheist writers and intellectuals by Islamists[footnote 122]. Considering religious beliefs alone, Decision Makers may consider the concentrations of each religious group according to geographical areas as outlined in paragraphs 2.4.1 2.4.2 when considering viable internal relocation options. Religious minorities live throughout the country. There have been few recorded incidents of violence against Ahmadis in the past three years, though incidents are not always reported in the national media (see Societal treatment and inter-religious relations Ahmadis). While speaking about the problems that occurred during Durga Puja, the prime minister said no one is treated as a minority in Bangladesh and everyone is given equal rights, State Minister for Foreign Affairs Md Shahriar Alam had said after the meeting. The attackers had just been practicing their Friday prayers in a local mosque nearby. UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands within the British Isles. He was sentenced to be hanged for murdering Roy, as were four others: Abu Siddique Sohel, Mozammel Hossain, Arafat Rahman and Akram Hossain, who along with Syed Ziaul Haque is still on the run. Last accessed: 31 December 2021, Interfaith marriages and the law of the land, 18 December 2018. Bangladesh is the tenth most densely populated country in the world. While these provisions are not necessarily aimed at bloggers who are critical of religion, it is likely that bloggers in general are less likely to express their opinions online and, if they do, they may be targeted or not offered state protection. Deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs. Whoever, with deliberate and malicious intention of outraging the religious feelings of any class of the citizens of Bangladesh, by words, either spoken or written, or by visible representations insults or attempts to insult the religion or the religious beliefs of that class, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both. Whilst continuing to blog from abroad, they fear arrest under defamation laws if they return to the country. The UK exported 450 million of goods and services to Bangladesh in 2013. Answer (1 of 4): Many thanks for your question. The Information and Communication Act criminalizes several forms of online expression, including obscene material, expression(s) likely to cause deterioration of law and order, and statements hurting religious sentiments. The Digital Security Act likewise criminalizes publication or broadcast of any information that hurts religious values or sentiments, by denying bail and increasing penalties of up to 10 years in prison. When the recentLabour Force Survey weighting methodologywas applied, there was a small error in the implementation. But we need to worry about democracy and secularism in the country. Source: Office for National Statistics - Annual Population Survey (APS). In fact, in 2021, a neighbour of Malkam D Costa was also forced to take a sleeping pill and then raped while she was alone at home. Estimates of the population of the UK by country of birth and nationality are based upon data from the Annual Population Survey (APS). Weve also set up check-posts across the district.. Last accessed 12 January 2022, Times of India, 3 temples desecrated in Bangladesh, police register complaints, 3 January 2022. Moreover, some referred to a lack of systematic monitoring, resulting in much arbitrariness exercised by local authorities, in particular in remote areas. These population projections predated the coronavirus pandemic and are not able to reflect the demographic and structural impact the UK is facing. 2.4.3 The remaining 1% of the population is made up mainly by the following religions: Christians, (mostly Roman Catholic and Protestant) who mainly reside in Barisal, Khulna and Gazipur. United Kingdom: Scotland. 6.4.4 Open Doors UK, an organisation supporting persecuted communities of Christians around the world, stated in an undated article: Women and girls are most vulnerable to persecution from their family, friends and community. Christians are able to access state schools, hospitals and other services. This led to the expropriation of as much as 2.6 million acres between 1965 and 2006, with devastating effects for an estimated 1.2 million Hindu households. 5.5.6 On 16 February 2021, the BBC reported on the state response to the murder of an atheist man who was murdered for his beliefs: A court in Bangladesh has sentenced five men to death and one to life in jail for hacking a secular blogger to death six years ago in Dhaka. Previous releases are not affected by this issue. What is the current population of United Kingdom? But though the recent spate of terror attacks is highly significant, they represent only one part of the violence and discrimination that religious minorities in Bangladesh experience on an almost daily basis. The state responded to an incident in 2020 whereby locals exhumed the body of an Ahmadi infant they did not accept being buried in a Muslim cemetery, but it is unclear whether or not the perpetrators were arrested, detained or charged (see State treatment Ahmadis). Buddhists are subject to the same laws as Hindus. We use some essential cookies to make this website work. 2.6.6 For further guidance on internal relocation see the instruction on Assessing Credibility and Refugee Status. A Christian education system operates throughout Bangladesh and is open to members of all faiths. Each case must be considered on its own facts and the onus is on the person to demonstrate that they would be at risk of persecution or serious harm on return to Bangladesh. As the number of people in the sample gets smaller, the variability of estimates that can be made from that sample get larger. While there have been arrests and successful prosecutions in some of these cases, others remain unsolved[footnote 28], Bangladeshi authorities conducted extensive counter-terrorism operations in response to the wave of militant attacks, including arresting a number of militants connected with the attacks. It is projected to increase to 98 million in 2010 and 109.1 million in 2020. This is a measure of how a person connects or identifies with a religion,rather than of their beliefs or active religious practice. 4.2.2 The USSD IRF report 2020 noted that: Family law concerning marriage, divorce, and adoption contains separate provisions for Muslims, Hindus, and Christians. people from Asian ethnic groups made up the second largest percentage of the population (at 7.5%), followed by Black ethnic groups (at 3.3%), Mixed/Multiple ethnic groups (at 2.2%) and Other ethnic groups (at 1.0%) 2.4.46 For further guidance on assessing risk, see the instruction on Assessing Credibility and Refugee Status. Under the scheme, there are scholarships available specifically for low . Denouncing ones religion is to be punishable by death according to Sharia law. Indigenous groups in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, in particular, have large communities of Buddhists, Hindus, and Christians. The total population stood at 23.487 million at the end of June, down by 0.41 percent from June 2020, the MOI . The law requires the NGOAB to approve and monitor all foreign-funded projects. See methodology for more detail. Conversely, the EU national population decreased when compared to the previous year, whereas the non-EU national population remained similar to previous years. In the past, authorities used the act to seize property abandoned by minority religious groups, especially Hindus, who fled the country, particularly following the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965[footnote 75]. There are, however, a small number of Hindu belts in the south, east and north of the country where Hindus comprise up to 40 per cent of the local population. The sermons, preached by radical clerics, often contain inflammatory hate speech and discriminatory language towards religious minorities, which fuel an environment of fear and intolerance. Deadline: November 25, 2023. Last accessed: 27 January 2022, World Population Review, Bangladesh Population 2021 (live), nd. This introduced a change to the non-response bias of the survey, which meant that characteristics such as those who rent their accommodation and those with a non-UK country of birth or nationality were less well-represented in the achieved sample. In January, the Election Commission rescheduled local Dhaka elections after students and faith groups protested scheduling the election during a Hindu festival.[footnote 48]. Bangladeshi students applying for a master's degree or a PhD in the UK can take advantage of this scholarship to fund their education. #Breaking: Today @UN, . 2.5.1 Where the persons fear is of persecution and/or serious harm by the state, they will not be able to avail themselves of the protection of the authorities. The vast majority of students in the Christian schools come from non-Christian religious backgrounds. 2.4.7 President Abdul Hamid regularly hosts receptions to commemorate each of the principal Muslim, Hindu, Buddhist and Christian holidays and has publicly emphasised the importance of religious freedom, tolerance, and respect for religious minorities (see State treatment Overview). These restrictions have included bureaucratic obstacles in the form of repeated audits or delayed approvals by the National Board of Revenue, legal harassment under the ICT Act and/or the DSA (see Media) and the temporary freezing of bank accounts, overt monitoring by intelligence agencies, and the disruption of planned events. 2.4.20 Available evidence suggests that government officials have different opinions regarding Ahmadis. This is an increase of 0.63 % (427,883 people) compared to population of 68,134,268 the year before. 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